# 艰苦 (jiānkǔ)

In Mandarin Chinese, 艰苦 (jiānkǔ) means “difficult; arduous; hard”. It is part of the HSK 5 vocabulary list in the official HSK 3.0 standard.

- Meaning: difficult; arduous; hard
- Pinyin: jiānkǔ (jian1 ku3)
- Traditional: 艱苦
- HSK 3.0 · Level 5
- HSK 2.0 · Level 5

## Examples

- 虽然生活条件艰苦，但大家都很努力。
  Suīrán shēnghuó tiáojiàn jiānkǔ, dàn dàjiā dōu hěn nǔlì.
  Although the living conditions are hard, everyone works diligently.

## Characters

- 艰 (jiān): difficult; hard
- [苦](https://hanziro.com/word/ku-bitter/) (kǔ): bitter; hardship

https://hanziro.com/word/jian-ku-difficult/

Dictionary data: CC-CEDICT (CC BY-SA 4.0). Audio: audio-cmn (CC BY-SA).